Linux dd command usages

dd 指令教學與實用範例，備份與回復資料的小工具 
Refer to: https://blog.gtwang.org/linux/dd-command-examples/
備份整顆硬碟
將 /dev/sda 所有的資料寫入 /dev/sdb：
sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb conv=noerror,sync

建立硬碟的備份影像檔
sudo dd if=/dev/hda of=~/hdadisk.img

從備份影像檔回復硬碟資料
sudo dd if=hdadisk.img of=/dev/hdb

備份磁碟分割區
sudo dd if=/dev/hda1 of=~/partition1.img

兩個磁碟分割區對拷：
sudo dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=noerror,sync

備份 CD/DVD 光碟
sudo dd if=/dev/cdrom of=tgsservice.iso bs=2048

備份 CD/DVD 光碟, 壓縮資料
sudo dd if=/dev/sda | gzip > sdadisk.img.gz

從壓縮過的影像檔回復資料
sudo gzip -dc sdadisk.img.gz | dd of=/dev/sda

Linux 使用 dd 指令將 ISO 檔製作成 Live USB 隨身碟
Refer to: https://blog.gtwang.org/linux/linux-dd-command-write-iso-to-usb-flash-drive/
umount /media/pi/disk
卸載後再次確認一下卸載的 USB 隨身碟是否正確：
lsblk
用 dd 指令將 Linux 的 ISO 映像檔寫入 USB 隨身碟
sudo dd if=ubuntu-16.10-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdc bs=1M

How to backup and restore (WSL) Windows Subsystem for Linux?

Backup WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux)


Example: backup_wsl.sh

#! /bin/bash

cd /
tar vzcpf /mnt/i/tmp/ubuntu_`date +%Y%m%d_%H`.tar.gz \
    --exclude=/proc --exclude=/dev --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/media \
    --exclude=/lost+found  --exclude=/tmp --exclude=/sys  --exclude=/run / \
    > /mnt/i/tmp/ubuntu_`date +%Y%m%d_%H`.log \
    2> /mnt/i/tmp/ubuntu_`date +%Y%m%d_%H`.error

Restore WSL using lxrunoffline

# lxrunoffline run -n <distro name> -w
C:\wsl> lxrunoffline run -n mybackup  -w

Refer to:
1. https://superuser.com/questions/1164818/how-to-backup-wsl-linux-subsystem-for-windows-10-before-system-reset-or-reins

Enable VT-x on Win10 by command line

1. Run cmd  with administrator
2. Run bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype on
3. Reboot

Create git repo

Server:
1. sudo rm -rf xxx_sdk
2. sudo git init --bare xxx_sdk
3. sudo chmod 775 -R xxx_sdk
4. sudo chown root:gitgrp -R xxx_sdk


Client:
1. git clone name@192.168.0.124:/home/repos/git/proj/xxx_sdk xxx_sdk
2. git add file
3. git commit -a
4. git push origin master:master

ADB device not found on VirtualBox and VMware

1. Try to replace your USB cable
2. Check VirtualBox's or VMware's USB devices
3. Use physical UNIX / Linux / CentOS or Ubuntu, don't use VirtualBox and VMware
4. Use DOS mode ADB

VMware CPU usage is high when I start adb on ubuntu guest

Message from https://communities.vmware.com/thread/505263?start=15&tstart=0
HoboJ Aug 27, 2015 8:38 PM

 I'd like to confirm that this issue exists too. I have Workstation PRO 12 installed on Windows 10, running a Ubuntu 14.04.03 VM. After booting the VM the host machine will show 0% CPU utilization in task manager (for VMware Workstation (32bit)), but if I execute "adb devices" (which also starts the adb server) in the VM the CPU utilization on the host machine starts to slowly increase and after some time the VM becomes unusable. However, if I execute "adb kill-server" before the VM fully hangs, the host CPU utilization drops back to 0%. Note that the high CPU utilization is seen on the host machine, not on the VM after running the "adb devices" command.

Explanation from VMware: (This issue was solved in VMware Workstation 12 Pro Version 12.1.1)
  Starting an ADB daemon in an Ubuntu or Debian guest operating system causes a memory leak, which in turn causes the VMware Workstation window to become less responsive over time.

Refer to:
  1. https://communities.vmware.com/thread/505263
  2. https://communities.vmware.com/thread/505263?start=15&tstart=0
  3. https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Workstation-Pro/12.0/rn/workstation-1211-release-notes.html

How can I connect to Android with ADB over TCPIP?

1. Activate debug mode in Android

2. Connect to pc via USB

3. Get Android Devices' IP address

4. Open Terminal and type ...

adb tcpip 5555
adb connect <device IP>:5555

5. Disconnect USB
6. Now your adb connection is over TCPIP
7. Return adb over USB

adb usb

8. Now your adb connection is over USB

Refer to:
  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2604727/how-can-i-connect-to-android-with-adb-over-tcp

Bridge wifi to VMware Guest OS

1. Edit / Virtual Network Editor

2. Edit / Virtual Network Editor / Change Setting

3. Select VMnet0 and Click Automatic Setting, Deselect all of Wi-Fi

4. Add Network -- VMnet2 and bind to Wifi

5. Added Network Adapter 2 and bind to VMnet2

Refer to:
 1. https://www.vmware.com/support/ws55/doc/ws_net_configurations_changing_bridged_windows.html

Raspberry Pi install chinese input and font

1. Config locale

sudo raspi-config

2. Select "Internationalisation Options"
3. Select "Change Locale"
4. Select "en_US.UTF-8" & "zh_TW.UTF-8", and Press "OK"
5. Select "en_US.UTF-8"  or  "zh_TW.UTF-8"  for console
6. Install 酷音中文輸入法

sudo apt-get install scim-chewing

7.  Install 文泉驛微米黑, 文泉驛正黑, 文泉驛點陣宋體 中文字型

sudo apt-get install ttf-wgy-microhei ttf-wgy-zenhei xfonts-wgy

8. Restart


Refer to:
https://blog.gtwang.org/iot/raspberry-pi-chinese-input-method/

Installing Raspberry Pi Image

1. Format SD card to FAT32
2. Download NOOBS from https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/
3. Unzipped NOOBS and copy all files to SD root directory
4. Boot Raspberry Pi with SD card
5. Select Raspbian image to install in SD card