Transfer Files/Folders in Linux Using SCP command

scp -Cpr  Source   Destination

ex: scp -Cpr jmt-lab91  tonychung@192.168.0.124:/home/tonychung/Backup88-old/jmt/.VirtualBox/


You can use “-v” parameter to print debug information into the screen. It can help you debugging connection, authentication and configuration problems.

The “-p” parameter will help you on this. An estimated time and the connection speed will appear on the screen.

The “-C” parameter will compress your files on the go. The unique thing is the compression is only happen in the network. When the file is arrived to the destination server, it will returning into the original size as before the compression happen.

Sometimes we need to copy directory and all files / directories inside it. It will be better if we can do it in 1 command. SCP support that scenario using “-r” parameter.

If you choose not to see progress meter and warning / diagnostic messages from SCP, you may disable it using “-q” parameter.

Install Remote Desktop (XRDP)

For Ubuntu 20.04

  Install mate desktop 

  https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-install-mate-desktop-on-ubuntu-20-04-focal-fossa-linux

  Install Mate Xrdp

  Refer to https://www.hiroom2.com/ubuntu-2004-xrdp-mate-en

  

For Ubuntu

Install XFCE4 desktop (bad method, gray screen)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xrdp
sudo apt-get install xfce4
echo “xfce4-session” > ~/.xsession
sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp start
sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp status

Install Mate-desktop

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xrdp
sudo apt-get install mate-core mate-desktop-environment mate-notification-daemon
sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp start
sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp status

Configuring XRDP to use your desktop environment

sudo sed -i.bak '/fi/a #xrdp multiple users configuration \n mate-session \n' /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh

For CentOS

rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh http://li.nux.ro/download/nux/dextop/el7/x86_64/nux-dextop-release-0-1.el7.nux.noarch.rpm

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/xrdp.repo

[xrdp]
name=xrdp
baseurl=http://li.nux.ro/download/nux/dextop/el7/x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

Install xrdp and tigervnc-server, then start xrdp service

yum -y install xrdp tigervnc-server
systemctl start xrdp.service

Check xrdp service

netstat -antup | grep xrdp

Enable service at system startup

systemctl enable xrdp.service

Edit /usr/lib/firewalld/services/xrdp.xml for XRDP (add port 3389)    PS: xrdp.xml will add a "xrdp" item on firewalld GUI

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>xrdp</short>
  <description>This option allows you to access Remote Desktop Service.</description>
  <port protocol="udp" port="3389"/>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="3389"/>
</service>

Add xrdpservice for firewalld and reload firewalld

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=xrdp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo systemctl status firewalld

Configure SELinux

sudo chcon --type=bin_t /usr/sbin/xrdp
sudo chcon --type=bin_t /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman

Refer to:
  1. http://c-nergy.be/blog/?p=8952
  2. https://www.interserver.net/tips/kb/install-xrdp-ubuntu-server-xfce-template/
  3. http://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/centos-how-tos/install-xrdp-on-centos-7-rhel-7.html

Reinstall VirtualBox on Ubuntu & CentOS

For Ubuntu
To remove virtualbox

sudo dpkg --list virtualbox-*
sudo apt autoremove --purge virtualbox*
dpkg -l virtualbox* | grep ^i

Remove all PPAs from sources.list and source.list.d directory

mkdir ~/apt-tmp
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* ~/apt-tmp

Make sure there is nothing except official repositories sources in /etc/sources.list.

And update your sources:

sudo apt update

Now we can search to see which versions are available to install:

apt-cache madison virtualbox | grep -iv sources

Which produces an output like this:

virtualbox | 5.0.32-dfsg-0ubuntu1.16.04.2 | http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
virtualbox | 5.0.18-dfsg-2build1 | http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu xenial/multiverse amd64 Packages

Then I would install the last version mentioned in xenial-updates:

sudo apt install virtualbox=5.0.32-dfsg-0ubuntu1.16.04.2

And after all, check that the correct version is installed.

From command line:

dpkg -l virtualbox* | grep ^i

ii  virtualbox                     5.0.32-dfsg-0ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64        x86 virtualization solution - base binaries
ii  virtualbox-dkms                5.0.32-dfsg-0ubuntu1.16.04.2 all          x86 virtualization solution - kernel module sources for dkms
ii  virtualbox-qt                  5.0.32-dfsg-0ubuntu1.16.04.2 amd64        x86 virtualization solution - Qt based user interface

From GUI: to make sure correct version is running.

Install virtualbox extension pack

sudo /sbin/vboxconfig
sudo apt install virtualbox-ext-pack

For CentOS

1. Display VirtualBox installed

sudo yum update
sudo yum list installed | grep -i VirtualBox

2. Remove VirtualBox-5.1

sudo yum remove VirtualBox-5.1

3. Add Required Yum Repositories

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/rhel/virtualbox.repo

4. Install Required Packages 

yum install gcc make patch  dkms qt libgomp
yum install kernel-headers kernel-devel fontforge binutils glibc-headers glibc-devel

5. Reboot ans start with newest kernel

reboot

6. Reboot ans start with newest kernel

export KERN_DIR=/usr/src/kernels/`uname -r`

7. Install Oracle VirtualBox and Setup

yum install VirtualBox-5.2

8. List vbox modules (vboxpci, vboxnetadp, vboxnetflt, vboxdrv)

lsmod | grep -i vbox

9. Goto https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads and run VirtualBox Extension pack for CentOS

Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-5.2.0-118431.vbox-extpack

10. List and add user to vboxusers group

cat /etc/group | grep -i vboxusers
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers $user_name

11. /var/log/vbox-install.log

Change UUID for VirtualBox

sudo VBoxManage internalcommands sethduuid <file.vdi or file.vmdk>

Refer to:
  1. https://askubuntu.com/questions/900794/virtualbox-rtr3initex-failed-with-rc-1912-rc-1912
  2. https://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2010/install-virtualbox-with-yum-on-fedora-centos-red-hat-rhel/

Add xrdp port on firewalld (CentOs)

1. Check xrdp process

sudo ps aux | grep xrdp

2. Check xrdp service (default port 3389)

sudo netstat -ntlp | grep -i xrdp

3. Edit /usr/lib/firewalld/services/xrdp.xml for Remote Desktop (add port 3389)

    PS: xrdp.xml will add a "xrdp" item on firewalld GUI

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>xrdp</short>
  <description>This option allows you to access Remote Desktop.</description>
  <port protocol="udp" port="3389"/>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="3389"/>
</service>

4. Start xrdp

sudo systemctl start xrdp.service
sudo systemctl status xrdp.service

5. Add xrdp service for firewalld and reload firewalld

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=xrdp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo systemctl status firewalld

6. Config SELinux

sudo chcon --type=bin_t /usr/sbin/xrdp
sudo chcon --type=bin_t /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman

7. Check xrdp service (default port 3389) again

sudo netstat -ntlp | grep -i xrdp

Refer to:
  1. http://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/centos-how-tos/install-xrdp-on-centos-7-rhel-7.html

How to Start / Stop / Enable / Disable firewalld on CentOS 7

Status of firewalld

sudo systemctl status firewalld

Stop firewalld

sudo systemctl stop firewalld

Start firewalld

sudo systemctl start firewalld

Disable firewalld

sudo systemctl disable firewalld

Enable firewalld

sudo systemctl enable firewalld

Unmask firewalld if you got "Failed to start firewalld.service: Unit is masked."

sudo systemctl unmask firewalld


Edit /usr/lib/firewalld/services/svnserve.xml for subversion (add port 3690)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>svnserve</short>
  <description>This option allows you to access subversion (svn, svnserve).</description>
  <port protocol="udp" port="3690"/>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="3690"/>
</service>

Refer to
  1. http://blog.xuite.net/tolarku/blog/363801991-CentOS+7+Firewalld+%E9%98%B2%E7%81%AB%E7%89%86%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9
  2. https://www.rootusers.com/how-to-open-a-port-in-centos-7-with-firewalld/
  3. https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-firewall-using-firewalld-on-centos-7

How To Install Subversion 1.9.x On CentOS 7

Create yum repository (/etc/yum.repos.d/wandisco-svn.repo)

[WandiscoSVN]
name=Wandisco SVN 
baseurl=http://opensource.wandisco.com/centos/7/svn-1.9/RPMS/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

Remove previous version to avoid conflict

sudo yum remove subversion

sudo yum clean all

Installing subversion

sudo yum install mod_dav_svn subversion

checking svnserve version

svnserve --version

  or

svn --version

Creating Respository
1. make a directory for repositories

sudo mkdir /srv/svn/repos 

cd /srv/svn/repos 

sudo svnadmin create TEST0001V0

Set file permission

sudo chown -R root:svngrp /srv/svn/repos

sudo chmod -R g+rws /srv/svn/repos

2. Modified configuration files
    2.1 TEST0001V0/conf/authz

[groups]

rd2     = tony
[/]

tony    = rw

@rd2    = rw

* =

[repository:/]

@test   = r

* =

 2.2 TEST0001V0/conf/passwd

[users]

tony    = tonypassword

test    = testpassword

2.3 TEST0001V0/conf/svnserve.conf

[general]

anon-access = none

auth-access = write



password-db = passwd

check svn process (looking for svnserve)

sudo ps aux | grep svn

check svn service (default port 3690)

sudo netstat -ntlp | grep -i svn

stop svn server

sudo killall -9 svnserve

start svn server

sudo svnserve -d

How to start svnserve with systemctl systemd

1. /etc/systemd/system/svnserve.service

[Unit]
Description=Subversion protocol daemon
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
RuntimeDirectory=svnserve
#PIDFile=/run/svnserve/svnserve.pid
EnvironmentFile=/etc/default/svnserve
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/svnserve $DAEMON_ARGS
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/svnserve -d -r /srv/svn/repos
ExecStart=/usr/bin/svnserve -d
User=svnuser
Group=svngrp
KillMode=control-group
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#Alias=svnserve.service




2. /etc/default/svnserve

# svnserve options
DAEMON_ARGS="--daemon --pid-file /run/svnserve/svnserve.pid --root /srv/svn/repos --log-file /var/log/svnserve/svnserve.log"

3. log file

mkdir /var/log/svnserve

chown someone /var/log/svnserve

4. To end with log rotation configuration /etc/logrotate.d/svnserve

/var/log/svnserve/*.log {
    daily
    missingok
    rotate 14
    compress
    notifempty
    create 640 svn adm
    sharedscripts
    postrotate
            if /bin/systemctl status svnserve > /dev/null ; then \
                /bin/systemctl restart svnserve > /dev/null; \
            fi;
    endscript
}

5. Edit /usr/lib/firewalld/services/svnserve.xml for subversion (add port 3690)
    PS: svnserve.xml will add a "svnserve" item on firewalld GUI

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>svnserve</short>
  <description>This option allows you to access subversion (svn, svnserve).</description>
  <port protocol="udp" port="3690"/>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="3690"/>
</service>

6. Add svnserve service for firewalld and reload firewalld

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=svnserve
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
sudo systemctl status firewalld

7. Stop and start svn again
stop svn server

sudo killall -9 svnserve

start svn server

sudo svnserve -d

8. check svn service (default port 3690) again

sudo netstat -ntlp | grep -i svn

Refer to:
  1. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38197727/how-to-start-svnserve-with-systemctl-systemd/40584047
  2. http://www.voidcn.com/article/p-kwmdzbek-bbu.html
  3. https://www.vultr.com/docs/how-to-setup-an-apache-subversion-svn-server-on-centos-7